Process of manufacturing antifriction-bearings.



J. W. SCHATZ.

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING 'ANTIFRICTION BEARINGS. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 21. 1918.

, 1,301,323, Patented Apr. 22,1919.

run s'raaus raruur current.

JOHN W. SCHATZ, OF POU'GHKEEPSI'E, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOB OF ONE-THIRD T0 HERMAN A. SCHA'IZ AND ONE-THIRD T0 GROVER H. SCHATZ, BOTH OF POUGH- KEEPSIE, NEW YORK.

' PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING ANTIFRICTION-BEARIN GS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. SCHATZ, a

fication, reference being had to the accom-- panying drawings.

1 do not herein claim the bearing pro-:

duced by my new process of manufacture since it is claimed in my original application, Serial No. 211,125, filed January 10,

1918, of which this application is a division;

but I do not disclaim or abandon the same.

The use of anti-frictionbearings of various constructions has enormously extended bearing as a'unit. "templatesthe use of such weight or body of during recent years, their adaptability to various forms of mechanismfor the accomplishment of various results having been more and more recognized as the perfection in their manufacture and their reduced cost have from time to time developed,'so that at the present time large numbers of such bearings are used as anti-friction supports for a rotating shaft, axle, or equivalent member, and other large numbers are made annular in form and are employed under circumstances in which the shaft or axis is stationary, and the bearing rotates about it, after the fashion of a wheel or roller, its annular exterior surface or periphery -aot iug as the tread thereof. My invention, while useful in ball bearings adapted to various uses, more especially relates to bea'rings adapted to this latter use, and generally stated, it consists in so making the structure that its parts shall be 'few, solid and enduring and particularly, that its outer peripheral part shall be of increased thickness, compared with bearings of the same class as heretofore made,.so that its annular outer or peripheral surface shall be able to withstand long continued use and wear without such reduction in thickness and consequent strength as will result in weakening the My invention also conm'aterial' the outer annular casing or jacketof the bearing as that the wear-taking,or-treadsurface thereof shall be capable of case hardening, or equivalent treatment,

Specification of Letters Patent. Pate t d A 22 1919 Original application filed January 1115i, 1918, Serial No. 211,125. Divided and this Serial No. 255,066.

application filed September and yet its inner portions remain sufficiently soft to permit of shearing or swaging operatlons. My invention also contemplates the employment of a plurality of external cup rings made from solid material in conjunction with a single, solid cone or inner race rlng.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is an edgewise vertical sectional view of the jacket or exterior confining ring in its primary condition; Fig. 2 1s a view similar to Fig. 1, one of the inwardly projecting ledges for supporting the exterior cup rings having been formed on one edge of the jacket; Fig. 3 is a view'similar to Figs. 1 and 2, showing the bearing assembled intoa unit, or self-contained structure complete within itself, the jacket having both of the inwardly projecting ledges formed thereon, whereby the parts are held in position; Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view, partly broken away, showing a modified construction; Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view, reduced in size as compared with the other views, of still another modified construction; Fig. 6 is a face view of that which is shown in Fig. '5.

1, see Fig. 3, is the cone or inner race ring. In the example shown, it is made of a single integral piece. 2, 2, are the balls, 3 and 4 the outer cup rings, 5 the exterior jacket or confining ring.

In the manufacture of the bearing, the jacket is in the first instance in the form shoWn in Fig. 1, that is to say, it is an integral annulus or ring, which may be made in such manner as desired, but preferably cut from a steel tube of proper quality and of the desired diameter, or drawn out from a fla1 sheet of suitable material into cup shape, which is developed into a ring of the required dimensions by suitable punching and turning operations, the thickness of the ring being such as Will be appropriate for the de sired bearing.

As the first operation, the ring shown in' the stock or metal displaced from the adj a- -'5 erted being such that no machining, either of the ring or the ledge 6, is necessary,

although such may be employed, if desired. The outer cup rings 3 and 4, are made from solid stock under the operation of suitable 10 dies, or by turning or by hot or cold forging from bar stock, or otherwise, as preferred, they are formed into the shape shownbest in Fig. 3, that is to say, upon theinner annular surface of each cup ring there is formed one half the'outer seat or race for the balls, the same beingof such shape in cross section as preferred, and uponthe outer surface of each is preferably formed ananto fit against and be supported by the ledges or flanges 6 formed on the interior of the jacket or outer ring. a In assembling the bearing I adopt the following method or process.

The jacket 5 having been subjected to the swaging and shearing operation, which has resulted in the formation of the inwardly projecting ledge '6, as shown in Fig. 2, is placed on a suitable horizontal support, with the ledge downward. Thereupon one of the cup rings, for example, the cup ring 3, is placed in the jacket, which may easily be done because the ledge or flange 6 on the upper side of the jacket has not yet been formed. The cup ring is then pressed downwardly through the jacket until it rests snugly agamst the ledge or flange 6. The cone or inner race 1 isthen located centrally within the jacket 5, the balls 2, 2, are then 40 introduced, the second cup ring 4 is then in turn placed within the jacket 5 and is pressed downwardly into contact with the appropriate surface of the cup ring 8, which was first introduced. Thereupon, with the parts thus assembled, the jacket is again subjected to the action of the shearin and swaging devices, and the remaining le ge or flange 6 upon the opposite edge of the jacket is formed, as shown in Fig. 3. The construction and manipulation of the tools employed and of the meansfor centering and sup-porting the several parts of the assembled unitary bearing, are all soexact that there results a perfect and reliable holding of all its members; and it will be particularly noted that at the appropriate time I can case harden or otherwise suitably treat the entire peripheral half of the jacket 5, thus greatly mcreasingits wear-resisting qualities. still keep the interior half, where the shearin and swaging operations are performed, su ciently soft for that purpose. This is an important and very valuable phase of my invention, becausethereby I- am enabled to use'my hearing as a roller or wheel without nular recess or shoulder, as shown, adapted its receiving for an indefinite period any appreciable Wear or being otherwise acted upon in such manner that its holding and bindin action would be injuriously afl'ected.

' In Fig. 4 I show a construction the same in principle, but slightly different in details, from that illustrated in the other figures.

In it I designate the parts with, the same reference numerals and call attention merely to the fact that the outer cup rings 3 and a are in this construction made somewhat smaller than in the other figures and their support by the ledges or flan es 6, 6, is somewhat increased, thus ena ling them better to withstand axial thrusts. I prefer, so butthis is not essential, that the cup rings and likewise the cone or inner race ring, should be made from open hearth, carbon, or alloy steel, suitably heattreated, hardened and tempered.

- In the manufacture of relatively large bearings, 1 sometimes facilitate the procedure and avoid certain mechanical difficulties by making the-inwardly projecting ledges in sections, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. These 7' sections may be as many in number and spaced as far apart as preferred. In these figures I show in full lines the ledges 6 made in four separated sections, or parts. In Fig. 6 I show in broken lines additional sections located between those shown in full lines, thus indicating that the number of the sections and the extent to which they are spaced from each other is entirely a matter of preference.

It will be noted that my hearing is a unitary or self-contained structure adapted to be combined bodily with any appropriate parts or members of another machine or structure, that it is unusually inexpensive to manufacture and is durable in construction, and that it is peculiarly adapted to operate as a roller or wheel, owing to its annular exterior holding member, which serves as the tread or wearing surface, being thick and heavy in construction, its outer or peripheral surface being speciall hardened, if desired. The improved earing may, of course, be given any preferred fin ish or degree of accuracy, that is to say, it may be co-called unground, semi-ground or full ground.

. ,It will be obvious to those who are familiar with such matters that within the scope of the claims the details of construcmonsae jacket and against said ledge and conjointl'y to constitute the outer race, forming a cone or interior race ring, assembling the said parts together with suitable balls into a unitary, self-contained bearing and permanently holding them as so assembled by forming on interiorly projecting ledge upon the opposite inner edge of the jacket and pressing it against the adjoining cup ring.

2. The described process of manufacturing an annular anti-friction bearing, consisting in shearing and swaging an integral steel ring or jacket at one of its inner edges in such manner as to form thereon an interiorly rojecting ledge, hardening the peripheral surface of the jacket, forming two annular cup rings adapted to fit within the jacket and against said ledge and conjointly to constitute the outer race, forming a cone. or interior race ring,assembling the said parts together with suitable balls and permanently holding them as a unitary, selfcontained bearing by pressing a part of the opposite edge of the jacket upon and against the adjoining cup ring.

3. The described process of manufactur ing an annular anti-friction bearing, consisting in shearing and swaging an integral steel ring or jacket at its opposite inner edges so as to form thereon near one of its edges interiorly projecting means for the support of the cup rings, forming two annular cup rings adapted to fit within the jacket and conjointly to constitute the outer race, forming a cone or interior race ring and suitable balls, and assembling the said parts by first placing one of said annular cup rings within the ring jacket and against the said interiorly projecting supporting means thereon, second, centering the cone or interior race ring Within the jacket, third, introducing the balls between the exterior .cup ring and the cone or interior race ring,

fourth, properly introducing the other exterior cup ring within the jacket, and lastly shearing and swaging from the jacket other interiorly projectingsupporting means into holding contact with the outer cup ring last introduced In testlmony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

JOHN W. SCHATZ. 

